To report a case of Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis associated with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and to explore the etiology, incidence, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of PCI.

A male patient aged 43 was admitted to our hospital due to "repeated diarrhea for 3 years and aggravated for half a year". He has been suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus for 1 year and treated with acarbose. PCI was confirmed by enhanced CT, EUS, colonoscopy and pathological biopsy of the small intestine.After endoscopic resection of large bulges with a snare and the cessation of acarbose, the intestinal gas cysts disappeared and the patient′s symptoms improved. We collected 16 cases related to aGI treatment in the past 12 years intended to summarize the diagnosis and treatment methods of PCI.

Among the 16 patients, 2 people were asymptomatic, 1 person with parenteral symptoms, and the rest presented non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension, nausea, blood stool, etc. All patients were diagnosed by abdominal CT, EUS, endoscopic biopsy and cured by conservative treatments.

Patients with primary disease related to PCI should be aware of the possibility of PCI. Particularly, diabetic patients who under GI treatment should routinely undergo endoscopic and abdominal CT examinations when they have gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, and endoscopic treatment could be given when necessary.

To investigate the relationship between clinical features, endoscopic findings of MC, colorectal carcinoma, colonic polyps and other related intestinal diseases.

The clinical data, endoscopic findings and pathological findings of 620 patients with MC diagnosed by colonoscopy in the endoscopy center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People′s Hospital from 2012-10 to 2018-12 were retrospectively analyzed.

A total of 620 patients with MC were included, and the number of patients detected increases year by year.The main symptoms mainly in women were constipation and abdominal pain. It was more common in patients who over 60 years old, and the microscopic index was mainly light, occured in the ascending colon- rectum mainly combined with colorectal polyps, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhoids, etc.And patients with colorectal polyps are more common with adenomatous polyps.

The number of MC detected is increasing year by year.And female patients over 60 years old are more common. The main clinical symptoms are constipation and abdominal pain, occurs mainly light in the ascending colon-rectum that combined with colorectal polyps, colorectal cancer, Inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhoids.Therefore it can provide clinical diagnostic ideas for clinicians.

To explore the endoscopic ambulatory ward model and evaluate the safety and feasibility of endoscopic ambulatory procedures.

A total of 850 cases of patients were admitted in our endoscopic ambulatory ward from October 2016 to October 2017.The clinical data of patients, such as operation success rate, adverse event rate, patient transfer rate, hospitalization expenses were recorded and analyzed.

Of the 850 cases, 812 endoscopic ambulatory procedures were performed, and the success rate was 99.88%(811/812). Five cases experienced adverse events (2 immediate bleeding, 2 delayed bleeding, and 1 immediate perforation), but were managed endoscopically without asverse events in the follow-up.None was transferred to surgery.Due to potential risk of adverse events, 5 patients were transferred to general digestive ward and the transfer rate was 0.59%(5/850). The top 5 of endoscopic ambulatory procedures were colorectal polypectomy (525 cases), gastric polypectomy (112 cases), endoscopic dilation or resection for digestive tract stenosis (86 cases), endoscopic radiofrequency ablation for gastroesophageal superficial neoplasms(14 cases), EUS/FNA (12 cases) and endoscopic resection for esophageal leiomyoma or papilloma (12 cases).

Endoscopic ambulatory procedures are safety and feasible, such as colorectal or gastric polypectomy, endoscopic dilation or resection for digestive tract stenosis, endoscopic radiofrequency ablation and EUS/FNA.Our endoscopic ambulatory ward model and procedures may provide reference for other centers.