探究局部进展期直肠癌经新辅助治疗后超级微创阶梯式全层切除术(sft-SMIR)的术后护理方法与效果。

选取解放军总医院第一医学中心消化内科医学部收治的12例接受新辅助治疗后行sft-SMIR的局部进展期直肠癌患者，所有患者均经新辅助放化疗后行sft-SMIR，围绕手术术式及新辅助治疗后患者的病理生理特点，实施围术期阶梯式特色护理，包括术前个体化肠道准备与保肛认知干预、术中微创体位防护、术后靶向并发症护理、专属管路护理、心理疏导及出院延续性指导。

12例患者术后各类并发症经针对性护理后均得到有效控制，经过治疗后顺利出院，院外随访期间患者恢复良好。

通过对接受sft-SMIR及新辅助治疗的患者实施特色围术期护理，能显著降低术后并发症，提升护理质量，促进患者康复，提高其生活质量，为临床该类手术的护理实践提供参考。

To explore the postoperative nursing methods and effects of super-minimally invasive stepwise full-thickness resection (sft-SMIR) in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy.

Twelve patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent sft-SMIR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in our department were selected. Based on the surgical approach and the pathophysiological characteristics of patients after neoadjuvant therapy, perioperative stepwise characteristic nursing was implemented, including individualized bowel preparation and anal preservation cognitive intervention before surgery, minimally invasive position protection during surgery, targeted complication care after surgery, dedicated tube care, psychological counseling, and continuous guidance after discharge.

All 12 patients had their postoperative complications effectively controlled through targeted nursing care.After treatment, they were discharged smoothly and showed good recovery during follow-up outside the hospital.

By implementing specialized perioperative nursing care for patients undergoing super minimally invasive stepwise full-thickness resection (sft-SMIR) and neoadjuvant therapy, postoperative complications can be significantly reduced, nursing quality improved, patient recovery accelerated, and their quality of life enhanced, providing a reference for clinical nursing practices in such surgeries.