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中华胃肠内镜电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 118 -124. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-7157.2026.02.008

论著

主从映射控制的柔性微机械臂系统的构建及其在上消化道应用的可行性初步研究
宁波1,2, 张嗣坤3, 孟小源4, 高佳平4, 裴旭4, 令狐恩强2,3, 施瑞华1,()   
  1. 1210009 南京,东南大学医学院
    2100853 北京,解放军总医院第一医学中心消化内科医学部
    3300071 天津,南开大学医学院
    4100083 北京,北京航空航天大学
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-19 出版日期:2026-05-15
  • 通信作者: 施瑞华
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大科研仪器研制项目(32327802)

A flexible micro-mechanical arm system with master-slave mapping control: Development and preliminary feasibility for upper gastrointestinal applications

Bo Ning1,2, Sikun Zhang3, Xiaoyuan Meng4, Jiaping Gao4, xu Pei4, Enqiang Linghu2,3, Ruihua Shi1,()   

  1. 1Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China
    2Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
    3School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
    4Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2026-03-19 Published:2026-05-15
  • Corresponding author: Ruihua Shi
引用本文:

宁波, 张嗣坤, 孟小源, 高佳平, 裴旭, 令狐恩强, 施瑞华. 主从映射控制的柔性微机械臂系统的构建及其在上消化道应用的可行性初步研究[J/OL]. 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志, 2026, 13(02): 118-124.

Bo Ning, Sikun Zhang, Xiaoyuan Meng, Jiaping Gao, xu Pei, Enqiang Linghu, Ruihua Shi. A flexible micro-mechanical arm system with master-slave mapping control: Development and preliminary feasibility for upper gastrointestinal applications[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy(Electronic Edition), 2026, 13(02): 118-124.

目的

去掉了传统内镜的旋转拨轮,研制主从映射控制的柔性微机械臂系统,并基于仿生上消化道模型初步评估其应用的可行性。

方法

本研究构建了将驱动钢丝绳引导至后置驱动模组的主从映射控制柔性微机械臂系统,以6名无内镜和柔性微机械臂操作经验的人员作为操作者。通过以水凝胶与仿生复合材料构建的胃镜训练模型,使用该系统完成上消化道检查,并对比该系统与传统内镜在病变取样和圈套任务的操作效能,采用SPSS 27进行统计学分析。

结果

该系统可顺利完成所有模拟诊疗操作。受试操作者的探查操作时间的学习曲线呈一定下降趋势。经过配对t检验,该系统的6名实验者取样胃窦扁平病灶10次平均耗时(15.19±4.23)s与传统内镜(15.84±5.19)s比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);6名实验者取样胃体扁平病灶10次平均耗时(18.39±3.84)s与传统内镜(19.31±4.05)s比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);6名实验者取样胃体带蒂病灶10次平均耗时(22.13±2.96)s与传统内镜(22.98±2.00)s比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。该系统完成6名实验者圈套胃体带蒂病变10次平均耗时(33.71±9.84)s显著短于传统内镜下(39.62±6.37)s (P<0.05)。

结论

主从映射控制的柔性微机械臂系统的技术路线具备一定可行性,为后续相关活体实验及临床转化奠定了基础,为消化内镜的智能化发展提供了新方案。

Objective

By removing the rotating dial of the endoscope, we developed a flexible microrobotic arm system with master-slave mapping control, and preliminarily evaluated its feasibility using a bionic upper gastrointestinal tract model.

Methods

A flexible microrobotic arm system with master-slave mapping control, in which drive steel cables are guided to a rear-mounted drive module, was constructed.Six operators with no prior experience in endoscopy or flexible robotic arm manipulation were recruited.Using a gastroscopy training model fabricated with hydrogel and bionic composite materials, the system was employed to perform upper gastrointestinal examinations. The operational performance of the system was compared with that of conventional endoscopy in lesion sampling and snaring tasks.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.

Results

The system successfully completed all simulated diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The learning curve of procedural exploration time showed a declining trend among operators.Paired t-tests revealed no statistically significant differences in the mean time taken for 10 attempts of sampling flat lesions in the gastric antrum between the robotic system (15.19±4.23 s) and conventional endoscopy (15.84±5.19)s, P>0.05.Similarly, no significant differences were observed in the mean time for sampling flat lesions in the gastric body (18.39±3.84)s vs.(19.31±4.05)s, P>0.05 and pedunculated lesions in the gastric body (22.13±2.96)s vs.(22.98±2.00) s, P>0.05.between the two modalities.However, the mean time for 10 attempts of snaring pedunculated gastric lesions was significantly shorter with the robotic system than with conventional endoscopy (33.71±9.84)s vs.(39.62±6.37)s, P<0.05.

Conclusion

The flexible microrobotic arm system with master-slave mapping control demonstrates preliminary feasibility in simulated endoscopic procedures.This study lays a foundation for subsequent in vivo experiments and clinical translation, and provides a novel approach for the intelligent development of digestive endoscopy.

图1 厘米级柔性微机械臂系统实物注:①高性能计算机;②控制核心区;③控制主机;④控制从机;⑤组合控制模组;⑥力反馈操作手柄;⑦柔性微机械臂臂身;⑧模拟上消化道模型;⑨图像显示器;⑩送气、送气、吸引等按钮
图2 柔性微机械臂系统的各部分检查情况注:A:食管入口;B:食管;C:贲门;D:胃窦与幽门;E:十二指肠;F:胃体;G:胃角;H:胃底
图3 6名操作者使用柔性微机械臂系统完成检查的学习曲线
图4 6名操作者使用柔性微机械臂系统完成检查所用平均时长的学习曲线
图5 柔性微机械臂系统的取样过程注:A:取样胃窦扁平型病变;B:取样胃体扁平型病变;C:取样胃体带蒂隆起型病变
表1 操作柔性微机械臂系统的所需钳夹时间和操控传统内镜的比较(±s)
表2 操作柔性微机械臂系统的所需圈套时间和操控传统内镜的比较(±s)
图6 柔性微机械臂系统的圈套过程
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