探讨高危人群与普通人群进行结肠镜常规体检的最佳年龄及结肠镜体检的必要性。

收集2015年3月至2019年8月经山西医科大学附属肿瘤医院内镜中心行结肠镜检查的5 213例体检者的内镜诊断报告，回顾性分析不同人群结肠息肉的检出率及其检出率在不同性别和不同年龄段的差异性。

5 213例受检者中高危人群772例，普通人群4 441例，其中，男3 469例、女1 744例，发现结肠息肉2 735例(占52.46%)。高危人群中59.33%受检者内镜下诊断为结肠息肉。普通人群中51.27%受检者内镜下诊断为结肠息肉。40岁及以上的普通人群与高危人群的检出率两者比较差异无统计学意义。不论普通人群还是高危人群，男性的结肠息肉检出率高于女性，而且随着年龄的增加，结肠息肉检出率呈上升趋势。

40岁及以上要定期做结肠镜常规体检检查，而不是仅限于高危人群才进行常规结肠镜体检，特别是男性。

Explore the optimal age and necessity of routine colonoscopy examination for high-risk population and general population.

The endoscopic diagnosis reports of 5 213 physical examiners who underwent colonoscopy from March 2015 to August 2019 in our hospital′s endoscopy center were collected, and the detection rates of polyps in different populations and their differences in different gender and age groups were retrospectively analyzed.

Among 5 213 subjects, 772 were high-risk group, 4 441 were common group, 3 469 were male, 1 744 were female, 2 735 (52.46%) were colon polyps. 59.33% of the high-risk population was diagnosed as colon polyps under endoscopy. 51.27% of the subjects in the general population was diagnosed as colon polyps under endoscopy. There was no significant difference in the detection rate between the general population aged 40 and above and the high-risk population. The detection rate of colonic polyps in men is higher than that in women, no matter in the general population or in the high-risk population.

Routine colonoscopy examination should be done regularly for people aged 40 and above, instead of only for high-risk groups, especially men.